Abstract
Purpose : To investigate the effect of Allium sativum (garlic) methanol extract on viability and apoptosis of human leukemic cells. Methods : Cell viability was determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay at concentrations of 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 ug/mL of Allium sativum extract following 48-h treatment on U-937, Jurkat Clone E6-1 and K-562 cell lines. The mode of cell death was determined by Annexin V-FITC staining and analyzed by flow cytometry. Results : The results show that the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of A. sativum on U-937, Jurkat Clone E6-1, K-562 cell lines was 105 ± 2.21, 489 ± 4.51 and 455 ± 3.13 μg/mL, respectively, compared with negative control, while apoptosis was 17.93 ± 0.95 % for U-937 cells (p ≤ 0.05), 38.37 ± 1.88 % for Jurkat Clone E6-1 cells (p ≤ 0.001) and 16.37 ± 1.10 % for K-562 cells. A majority of the cells were inhibited by the extract via apoptosis. Only U-937 cells (6.87 ± 0.65 %) showed significant necrosis compared to negative control (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion : K-562 cells are the most resistant against garlic extract, in contrast to Jurkat Clone E6-1 cells. Garlic extract does not induce necrosis in Jurkat Clone E6-1 and K-562 cells. Keywords : Anti-leukemic, Garlic, Allium sativum, Annexin V-FITC staining, Necrosis, Apoptosis, Flow cytometry, Jurkat Clone E6-1 cells
Highlights
Each year there are about 351 000 new cases of leukemia worldwide which represent 2.8 % of all cancers and 3.4 % of deaths from cancer [1]
After exposure to garlic extract for 48 hours, percentage inhibition of viability of U-937 cells increased at increasing concentration
The cell viability inhibition presented in a concentration-dependent manner
Summary
Each year there are about 351 000 new cases of leukemia worldwide which represent 2.8 % of all cancers and 3.4 % of deaths from cancer [1]. Phytochemicals become an increasingly important source since they have the potential to inhibit tumor formation at all levels [3]. Known as garlic, plays an important role in the reduction of the prevalence of cancer [4]. It has various pharmacological activities including antimicrobial, antihyperlipidemic, antithrombotic and anticancer effects [5]. Choi and Park, [5] showed that DATS-induced apoptosis was correlated with down-regulation of Bcl-2, XIAP, and cIAP-1 protein levels, cleavage of Bid proteins, activation of caspases, and collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential. The cytotoxicity effect caused by DATS is mediated by generation of ROS and subsequent activation of the ROS-dependent caspase pathway in U937 leukemia cells. Even though some studies for the active compounds of A. sativum has been carried out, the effect of the extract on leukemic cells was not well established
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
