Abstract
Objective. The purpose of this study was to histologically evaluate the effect of low-level laser (LLL) on the healing of critical size defects (CSD) in rat calvaria, filled with autogenous or inorganic bovine bone grafts. Methods. Sixty rats were divided into 6 groups (n = 10): C (control—filled with blood clot), LLL (low-level laser—GaAlAs, λ 780 nm, 100 mW, 210 J/cm2, Φ 0.05 cm2; 6 J/point), AB (autogenous bone), ABL (autogenous bone + low-level laser), OB (inorganic bovine bone), and OBL (inorganic bovine bone + LLL). Material and Methods. The animals were killed after 30 days. Histological and histometric analyses were performed by light microscopy. Results. The groups irradiated with laser, LLL (47.67% ± 8.66%), ABL (39.15% ± 16.72%), and OBL (48.57% ± 28.22%), presented greater area of new bone formation than groups C (9.96% ± 4.50%), AB (30.98% ± 16.59%), and OB (11.36% ± 7.89%), which were not irradiated. Moreover, they were significantly better than group C (Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn test, P < 0.05). Conclusion. The laser accelerated the healing of bone defects and the resorption of particles of the graft material.
Highlights
The animals were randomly assigned to the following experimental groups (n = 10): (1) group C—control defect filled with blood clot; (2) group level laser (LLL)—LLL (Theralase DMC, Sao Carlos, Brazil); (3) group AB—autogenous bone; (4) group ABL—autogenous bone + LLL; (5) group OB—inorganic bovine bone/0.25–1 mm (Bio-Oss—Geistlich Pharma AG, Wolhusen, Switzerland); (6) group OBL—inorganic bovine bone + LLL
In group C, virtually the entire length of the surgical wound was filled by connective tissue with collagen fibers orientated parallel to the wound surface
A small amount of new bone formation was observed along the margins of the surgical defect (Figure 1)
Summary
Among the graft materials used for bone regeneration, autogenous bone has been considered the ideal material [1, 3, 4] Even though it is the “gold standard” for reconstructions [1, 3, 5], its collection is associated with 8.5 to 20% of complications, including hematoma [2], damage to anatomic structures [6], infections [2, 6], pain at the donor site [7, 8], and unpredictable graft resorption [3, 5]. The use of low-level laser (LLL) has been studied as an alternative to speed healing in larger bone defects [10, 11]
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