Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible effect of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on tooth movement and root resorption in orthodontic patients. Twenty-one patients were included in a split-mouth study design (group 1). Ten additional patients were included with no LIPUS device being used and this group was used as the negative control group (group 2). Group 1 patients were given LIPUS devices that were randomly assigned to right or left side on upper or lower arches. LIPUS was applied to the assigned side that was obtained by randomization, using transducers that produce ultrasound with a pulse frequency of 1.5 MHz, a pulse repetition rate of 1 kHz, and average output intensity of 30 mW/cm2. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were taken before and after treatment. The extraction space dimensions were measured every four weeks and root lengths of canines were measured before and after treatment. The data were analyzed using paired t-test. The study outcome showed that the mean rate of tooth movement in LIPUS side was 0.266 ± 0.092 mm/week and on the control side was 0.232 ± 0.085 mm/week and the difference was statistically significant. LIPUS increased the rate of tooth movement by an average of 29%. For orthodontic root resorption, the LIPUS side (0.0092 ± 0.022 mm/week) showed a statistically significant decrease as compared to control side (0.0223 ± 0.022 mm/week). The LIPUS application accelerated tooth movement and minimized orthodontically induced tooth root resorption at the same time.
Highlights
Facial and dental aesthetics play a very important part of the social measurement in the overall attractiveness
The alternate hypotheses are (1) the low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) treated side will have accelerated tooth movement and reduced root resorption when compared to the control side
It has been reported that LIPUS power attenuTawtesnteyx-poonneepnattiiaelnlytsacsoimt prleotpeadgtahteesttuhdryoubgahseddeonntothalevperoeldaretsetrmucitnuerde.selection criteria and device usagTewcoemntpyl-ioanecep. aFtoiernthtse ctoomthplmetoevdemthensttaundaylybsiass,etdheoren wtheerepsreevdeentteeremnisnpeldit mseoleuctthiopnatcireintetsr,iawahnicdh dceovmicperiusesdagoef csoixmmplaixainlclae.spFloitr mthoeutthooptahtimenotvs eamndenetleavneanlysspisli,t tmheoruethwmeraendseibvleenpteaetniensptsl.itFmororuotoht patients, which comprised of six maxilla split mouth patients and eleven split mouth mandible patients
Summary
Facial and dental aesthetics play a very important part of the social measurement in the overall attractiveness. A person with a pleasing smile and facial appearance is more expected to encounter favorable appraisals and assessments from his/her peer-group, seniors, and employers [1]. The psychological aspect is the main driving force for a person to undergo orthodontic treatment, as well as the quintessential aspects to adhere to the treatment. A study by Sergl and Zentner [4] on the psychological side of the orthodontic patients found that about two-thirds were concerned about poor aesthetic. The overall duration of orthodontic treatment worries the patients and parents, and the orthodontists [5]
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