Abstract
Thin and transparent films of doped cadmium sulfide (CdS) were obtained on commercial glass substrates by Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) technique. The films were doped with low concentration of Sn, and annealed in air at 300 °C for 45 min. The morphological characterization of the films with different amounts of dopant was made using SEM and EDAX analysis. Optical properties of the films were evaluated by measuring transmittance using the UV-vis spectrophotometer. A comparison of the results revealed that lower concentration of Sn doping improves transmittance of CdS films and makes them suitable for application as window layer of CdTe/CIGS solar cells.
Highlights
Cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin film has attracted increased attention in recent years because of its wide direct band gap energy, optical and electrical properties, and stability, which is suitable forInt
We present the fabrication of more transparent Sn doped cadmium sulfide (CdS) films at low dopant concentration by using Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) technique
System 1 shows peaks at 2θ = 26.5887, 30.9108, 44.1861, 52.2420 and 54.4284, which belong to (111), (200), (220), (311) and (222) of cubic CdS phase, respectively. These peaks appeared in all doped film which indicates that Sn doping did not change the cubic CdS lattice structure
Summary
Cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin film has attracted increased attention in recent years because of its wide direct band gap energy, optical and electrical properties, and stability, which is suitable for. Sci. 2011, 12 application as a window layer in solar cells [1,2,3] Various methods, such as chemical vapour deposition, sputtering and spray pyrolysis [4], chemical bath deposition (CBD) [5,6], close space sublimation (CSS), and successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) [7] have been used for depositing CdS films. The S2− ions are provided by a controlled hydrolysis and disintegration of thiourea The reaction of both ions, aided by ammonia, produces a homogeneous layer of CdS onto the substrate. Since the transmittance of light is the most important requirement of the window layer in a thin film structured solar cell, the search for methods to form very high transparent CdS films by doping Sn is highly warranted. The optical, structural and morphological properties of the films are presented
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