Abstract
Background: Deep dental cavities can be restored through a single step according to the bulk-fill technique. Due to the great amount of resin to be cured, a main concern is the temperature rise occurring in the pulp chamber, potentially higher than that developed through the incremental layering technique. Temperature rise of bulk-fill composites have been evaluated. Methods: Bulk-fill composites, differing in material composition and viscosity, were used. Maximum temperature and temperature rate occurring in the composites were measured. Mesio-occlusal-distal cavities of human premolars were restored through the bulk-fill or the incremental layering techniques, and peak temperature and temperature rate occurring in the dentin, 1 mm below the cavity floor, were evaluated. Results: Temperature peak and temperature rise of flowable composites were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than packable composites. For both the techniques, higher temperature peaks were recorded in the dentin for flowable composites. Peak temperatures higher than 42 °C were recorded for the incremental layering technique considering flowable composites. Conclusions: For all the composites, the light curing modality of 1000 mW/cm2 for 20 s can be considered safe if the bulk-fill technique is performed. Instead, for the incremental layering technique, potentially dangerous temperature peaks have been recorded for flowable composites.
Highlights
Resin based composites (RBCs) have been widely studied and developed in the last decades for improving functional and esthetic performances [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
Using a similar measurement system, it has been suggested that temperature rise in the pulp chamber after composite light curing is below the critical temperature value above which irreversible pulp damage occurs [26]
Mesio-occlusal-distal cavities of human premolars were restored through the bulk-fill or the incremental layering techniques, and temperature rise occurring in dentin, 1 mm below the cavity floor, was evaluated
Summary
Resin based composites (RBCs) have been widely studied and developed in the last decades for improving functional and esthetic performances [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. Using a similar measurement system, it has been suggested that temperature rise in the pulp chamber after composite light curing is below the critical temperature value above which irreversible pulp damage occurs [26]. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of a variety of bulk-fill composites and the effect of the layering technique on temperature rise occurring in the restoration of mesio-occlusal-distal (MOD) cavities of human premolars. The null hypothesis is that different layering techniques and different types of composites would affect the temperature rise
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