Effect of location and Citrus species on total phenolic, antioxidant, and radical scavenging activities of some Citrus seed and oils

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and radical scavenging effect of the seeds and seed oils of some Citrus fruits (mandarin, orange, and lemon) collected from different locations of Turkey on November in 2008 and 2009. The total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and radical scavenging of citrus are 209.90–287.20 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/kg, 1.24–2.04 mmol TE/kg, and 2.21–0.73 DPPH. IC50 of mandarin;198.40–230.40 mg GAE/kg, 1.49–1.83 mmol TE/kg, and 1.40–0.58 DPPH. IC50 of orange; 152.70–212.30 mg GAE/kg, 1.39–1.86 mmol TE/kg, and 2.35–0.66 DPPH. IC50 of lemon seeds, respectively. They are 71.12–87.00 mg GAE/kg, 0.39–1.21 mmol TE/kg, and 5.93–3.74 DPPH. IC50 of mandarin; 46.63–92.80 mg GAE/kg, 0.65–1.18 mmol TE/kg, and 8.02–2.05 DPPH. IC50 of orange; 63.41–92.51 mg GAE/kg, 0.50–1.56 mmol TE/kg, and 3.24–2.83 DPPH. IC50 of lemon seed oils, respectively. The parameter levels are found lower in Citrus seed oils then seeds. Practical Application Citrus fruits are especially rich sources of important phenolic compounds. Antioxidants are the substances that delay the beginning of the oxidation. Phenolic compounds are widely distributed in fruits and vegetables and secondary metabolites which are synthesized in plants. Citrus seeds are a potential source for nutrients. Citrus seeds are important sources of oils.