Effect of locally delivered protein complex-loaded nanoparticles on bone remodelling of atrophic alveolar ridge in beagles.

Abstract

To investigate the effect of local injection of mineralized hybrid nanoparticles loading dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP-1) and matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) complex (P-NPs) on the bone remodelling on atrophic alveolar ridges (AAR) ahead of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). Four beagles were randomly allocated into Group C (OTM only) and Group NP (OTM with P-NPs injection). Experimental model of AAR was prepared in 8 mandibular quadrants after extraction of the third premolars (n=4 per Group). Reciprocal traction of the second and fourth premolars was performed towards AAR for 8weeks. P-NPs were prepared by loading recombinant DMP-1 and MMP-13 complex into calcium carbonate (CaCO3 )-mineralized hybrid nanoparticles and injected at 0, 3 and 6weeks. The rate of OTM and the bone remodelling characteristics were compared between Groups using fluorescent microscopic analysis and microstructural histomorphometric analysis. Group NP revealed higher bone volume fraction and higher trabecular ratio with lower bone mineral density than Group C on AAR area. Meanwhile, the root movement towards AAR was facilitated in Group NP representing more bodily movement than Group C. Non-invasive intervention of P-NPs injection suggested a clinical potential to facilitate translational movement into the AAR with sustaining woven bone-like microstructural environment.