Abstract
Ascorbate is one of the most abundant soluble antioxidants in the plant. Multiple functions of ascorbate in photo protection have been proposed, including scavenging of reactive oxygen species generated by oxygen photoreduction and photorespiration. There is still unclear information relation to LED light with Ascorbate biosynthesis and metabolism, yellowing, chlorophyll content, and ethylene production in broccoli florets. The effect of light-emitting diodes (LED) light on ascorbate (AsA) biosynthesis and metabolism in broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. Italica) cultivar “Ryokurei” were studied using red (660 nm), blue (470 nm) and white LED lights as the light source and also no light treatment as the control. Gene expression involved in the biosynthesis and metabolism of AsA, AsA content, color, chlorophyll content and ethylene production rate on the postharvest broccoli were observed in 4 days. The result showed that after two days, red light treatment significantly (p < 0,05) delayed the decrease of ascorbate content. The result was supported by observations using Real-Time Quantitative RT-PCR showed that red light treatment can suppress mRNA level of BO-APX1, BO-APX2, and BO-sAPX on the third day. Observation of BO-GLDH mRNA level was increased in the third-day exposure of red LED light. Therefore red LED light showed up-regulated AsA biosynthesis transcriptional level. Enzymes which possibility responsible for AsA metabolism and biosynthesis in a row were Ascorbate Peroxide (APX) and L-Galactono-1,4-Lactone Dehydrogenase (GLDH). The regulation of this gene expression might contribute to the suppression of AsA reduction by red LED light treatment in broccoli. Red LED also showed suppression of yellowing and decline the chlorophyll content in postharvest broccoli florets. Keywords: ascorbate, LED; broccoli; gene expression; real-time quantitative RT-PCR.
Highlights
Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L var.italica) is the horticultural vegetables contain with high vitamin C
This study aims to determine the effect of the light-emitting diodes (LED) to yellowing, chlorophyll content, ethylene production and ascorbic acid content in the post-harvest broccoli florets, as well as to determine the genes expression and enzymes involved in the metabolism and biosynthesis of ascorbic acid on post-harvest broccoli florets
This study showed that LED light treatment on the third day had highest BO-GLDH mRNA levels than other treatments
Summary
Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L var.italica) is the horticultural vegetables contain with high vitamin C. The highest content of ascorbic acid (AsA) was found in broccoli floret [1]. The AsA act as an antioxidant, enzyme cofactor, and a precursor in the synthesis of tartrate and oxalate. AsA participates in various processes including photosynthesis, photoprotection, growth and expansion of the cell wall, resistance to environmental stress and synthesis of ethylene, gibberellins, anthocyanin, and hydroxyproline. AsA were oxidized, so that makes the reduction of AsA content after harvesting, especially because of ASA was used as a protection agent from the side effects of photosynthesis (photoprotection) by plants tissue [2]. The complex process on AsA biosynthesis and metabolism can keep AsA availability on plant tissue
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