Abstract
To evaluate the depth of cure in smart dentin replacement bulkfill composite resins polymerized by constant, pulse and ramped light-emitting diode curing modes. The in vitro experimental study was conducted in November and December 2019 at the dental clinics of Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, and comprised of cylindrical composite specimens 8x4mm in size which were polymerised in Teflon moulds using light-emitting diode under constant mode in Group 1, pulse mode in Group 2 and ramped mode in Group 3. Once polymerised, each specimen was extruded from the mould and, using the International Organisation for Standardisation-4049 scrapping method, uncured resin was removed. Specimen lengths were measured with a Vernier calliper. Each specimen was measured thrice and the mean was taken as the depth of cure. Data was analysed using SPSS 24. Of the 33 specimens, there were 11(33.3%) in each of the 3 groups. Mean depth of cure in Group 1 was 2.92±0.29mm, in Group 2 it was 2.88±0.27mm, and it was 3.18±0.26mm in Group 3. The difference between Group 2 and Group 3 was statistically significant (p<0.05). Maximum depth of cure of smart dentin replacement bulkfill composite was achieved by ramped cure mode of light-emitting diode unit, followed by constant and pulse modes.
Highlights
IntroductionComposite resins have taken over restorative dentistry offering aesthetic restorations with comparable functionality.[1] These monomers are photocured to crosslink polymers under visible blue light at a wavelength of 420-480nm which initiates and propagates the polymerisation reaction.[2] Optimal curing throughout the bulk of a visible light-activated dental resin composite has been acknowledged as important in the clinical success of a restoration.[3] The degree to which light-activated composites polymerise is proportional to the amount of light to which they are exposed.[4] The presence of uncured resin within the bulk may prevent the free radical formation, reducing the depth of curve (DoC) through the bulk of the material.[5] it is recommended that a maximum thickness of 2.0mm should be maintained while placing the composite in layers[6] as there is greater risk of trapping air or contaminants between the layers of conventional composite, bond failure and placement difficulty in the subsequent increments.[7]
Over the years, composite resins have taken over restorative dentistry offering aesthetic restorations with comparable functionality.[1]
Maximum depth of cure of smart dentin replacement bulkfill composite was achieved by ramped cure mode of light-emitting diode unit, followed by constant and pulse modes
Summary
Composite resins have taken over restorative dentistry offering aesthetic restorations with comparable functionality.[1] These monomers are photocured to crosslink polymers under visible blue light at a wavelength of 420-480nm which initiates and propagates the polymerisation reaction.[2] Optimal curing throughout the bulk of a visible light-activated dental resin composite has been acknowledged as important in the clinical success of a restoration.[3] The degree to which light-activated composites polymerise is proportional to the amount of light to which they are exposed.[4] The presence of uncured resin within the bulk may prevent the free radical formation, reducing the depth of curve (DoC) through the bulk of the material.[5] it is recommended that a maximum thickness of 2.0mm should be maintained while placing the composite in layers[6] as there is greater risk of trapping air or contaminants between the layers of conventional composite, bond failure and placement difficulty in the subsequent increments.[7]
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