Abstract
This study was conducted to verify how the illuminance and correlated color temperature of LED lighting affect working memory. For this study, an automatic LED lighting device based on a light sensor was developed and used, and the lighting conditions were treated with a total of six conditions (2 × 3): two illuminance conditions (dim: 400 lx, bright: 1,000 lx) and three correlated color temperature conditions (3,000 K, 5,000 K, and 7,000 K). There were 30 participants in the study, and the average age was 21.6 years (Standard deviation = 1.92). Participants were assigned to all six lighting conditions, and the placement order was randomized. For the measurement of working memory, 3-back task was used and the correct responses for 5 minutes were used as a dependent variable. As a result of repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), both illuminance and correlated color temperature were found to be significant variables affecting working memory, and no interaction effect between illuminance and correlated color temperature was found. As a result of the post hoc verification conducted thereafter, the working memory performance in the bright light condition (1,000 lx) was 48.32 (Standard deviation = 15.63) on average, compared to 44.80 (Standard deviation = 15.29) in the relatively dim condition (400 lx). It was found that the condition of bright light was superior in performing working memory compared to relatively dim condition. The working memory performance in the correlated color temperature condition (5,000 K) was 48.32 (Standard deviation = 16.41) on average and higher than that of other color temperature conditions. As a result, working memory performance was the best in 1,000 lx, 5,000 K condition Mean = 53.43 (Standard deviation = 18.38), and 400 lx, 7,000 K condition Mean = 42.73 (Standard deviation = 17.68) showed the worst performance of working memory.
Highlights
Interest in the effects of light on humans has been accelerated by the advent of LED lighting. e reason is that LED lighting is easy to operate and can be applied to various scenes, making it suitable for light research
Memory is a very important topic in modern society. e reason is that memory is closely related to learning represented by education and dementia, one of the problems of modern society
Most studies dealing with intensity of illumination and working memory show that bright light is more effective in working memory than relatively dim light, but some studies have not found improvement in working memory in bright light or rather reported that the performance was reduced in bright light
Summary
Interest in the effects of light on humans has been accelerated by the advent of LED lighting. e reason is that LED lighting is easy to operate and can be applied to various scenes, making it suitable for light research. In the study of the effect of color temperature on cognitive performance in the office environment conducted by Knez and Enmarker, no significant difference was found between 3,000 K (reddish) and 4,000 K (bluish) conditions [11]. There were many contradicting research results in the early days of the study of illuminance as well, but as more studies were conducted, it was proved in the direction that working memory was excellent in bright light conditions. Many studies have verified the effectiveness of working memory through independent conditions of illuminance or color temperature. Erefore, this study was conducted to systematically verify the effect of light on working memory through a more continuous experimental design while considering the illuminance and color temperature together with the focus on LED lighting. This study seeks to explore and propose the optimal lighting environment for working memory applicable to real life
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