Abstract
Surface colonization is an essential step in biofilm development. The ability of oral pathogens to adhere to tooth surfaces is directly linked with the presence of specific molecules at the bacterial surface that can interact with enamel acquired pellicle ligands. In light of this, the aim of this study was to verify inhibitory and antibiofilm action of lectins from the Diocleinae subtribe against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus oralis. The inhibitory action against planctonic cells was assessed using lectins from Canavaliaensi formis (ConA), Canavalia brasiliensis (ConBr), Canavalia maritima (ConM), Canavalia gladiata (CGL) and Canavalia boliviana (ConBol). ConBol, ConBr and ConM showed inhibitory activity on S. mutans growth. All lectins, except ConA, stimulated significantly the growth of S. oralis. To evaluate the effect on biofilm formation, clarified saliva was added to 96-well, flat-bottomed polystyrene plates, followed by the addition of solutions containing 100 or 200 µg/mL of the selected lectins. ConBol, ConM and ConA inhibited the S. mutans biofilms. No effects were found on S. oralis biofilms. Structure/function analysis were carried out using bioinformatics tools. The aperture and deepness of the CRD (Carbohydrate Recognition Domain) permit us to distinguish the two groups of Canavalia lectins in accordance to their actions against S. mutans and S. oralis. The results found provide a basis for encouraging the use of plant lectins as biotechnological tools in ecological control and prevention of caries disease.
Highlights
Many bacteria in Nature often adopt a sessile biofilm lifestyle attached on surfaces and forming matrix-embedded communities called biofilms that differs greatly from that of other free-living cells [1,2]
The results suggest that lectins have anti-adhesion potential and that they can be explored as a biotechnological tool in studies and in therapeutics of dental diseases that are closely related to biofilm formation
Bacterial growth measurements were made at lectin concentrations ranging from 15.6 to
Summary
Many bacteria in Nature often adopt a sessile biofilm lifestyle attached on surfaces and forming matrix-embedded communities called biofilms that differs greatly from that of other free-living cells [1,2]. Such biological organization provides a sheltered micro environment for the immobilized bacteria [3,4]. Those communities have been implicated in many chronic diseases, such as chronic otitis and tonsillitis, in addition to dental caries and periodontal diseases [5]. The application of good oral hygiene practices and fluoridation are generally considered to be responsible for the continuing decline dental caries in industrialized countries, a significant proportion of the population still suffers from tooth decay [9]
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