Abstract
Background. Experimental conditions allow to determine the structural and functional changes of polytene chromosomes under the influence of free ions of an individual metal.
 Materials and methods. C. plumosus (L.) and G. glaucus (Mg) larvae were placed in solutions of lead nitrate: 0.01, 0.02, 0.1 and 0.5 mg/l. Exposure 12 h. Analysis of preparations of polytene chromosomes was carried out using the Carl Zeiss PrimoStar microscope. The functional activity factor of the nucleolus organizer (NOR), the coefficient of genetic activity of the Balbiani ring (BRR) was calculated.
 Results. Equations of the dependence of the change in the coefficients: NOR = 5,1870,01 lnC for C. plumosus and NOR = 2,110,03 lnC for G. glaucus; BRR = 1,5040,04 lnC for C. plumosus and BRR = 2,018 + 0,03 lnC for G. glaucus.
 Conclusion. With an increase in the concentration of lead in both C. plumosus and G. glaucus decreases NOR, which implies a decrease in the intensity of protein biosynthesis processes. BRR decreases in C. plumosus and increases in G. glaucus. The different genome reactions of the two species indicate the existence of different mechanisms of adaptation to lead ions
Highlights
CC Представлены результаты экспериментальной работы по изучению влияния нитрата свинца различных концентраций при 12 ч экспозиции на структурно-функциональные характеристики политенных хромосом клеток слюнных желез двух видов хирономид: Chironomus plumosus (Linnaeus, 1758) и Glyptotendipes glaucus (Meigen, 1818)
C. plumosus (L.) and G. glaucus (Mg) larvae were placed in solutions of lead nitrate: 0.01, 0.02, 0.1 and 0.5 mg/l
With an increase in the concentration of lead in both C. plumosus and G. glaucus decreases nucleolus organizer (NOR), which implies a decrease in the intensity of protein biosynthesis processes
Summary
Влияние свинца на политенные хромосомы слюнных желез Chironomus plumosus l . и Glyptotendipes glaucus mg. (Diptera, Chironomidae). CC Представлены результаты экспериментальной работы по изучению влияния нитрата свинца различных концентраций при 12 ч экспозиции на структурно-функциональные характеристики политенных хромосом клеток слюнных желез двух видов хирономид: Chironomus plumosus (Linnaeus, 1758) и Glyptotendipes glaucus (Meigen, 1818). Впервые получены уравнения зависимости изменения коэффициента функциональной активности ядрышкового организатора от концентрации ионов свинца в среде NOR = 5,187–0,01 lnC для C. С увеличением концентрации ионов свинца в среде активность ядрышкового организатора и кольца Бальбиани политенных хромосом C. plumosus снижалась. При тех же условиях активность ядрышкового организатора политенных хромосом G. glaucus снижалась, а кольца Бальбиани повышалась. Effect of lead on polytenic chromosomes from salivary glands of Chironomus Plumosus l . Effect of lead on polytenic chromosomes from salivary glands of Chironomus Plumosus L. and Glyptotendipes Glaucus Mg. CC Keywords: chironomids; polytene chromosome; nucleolus organizer; Balbiani ring; heavy metals; lead nitrate
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