Effect of lead nitrate, administered on the histology of kidney of Cyprinus carpio (Common carp)

Abstract

Acute toxicity (96 h LC50) of lead nitratel was analyzed in the Cyprinus carpio in static bio-assay over a 96-h exposure period using probit method. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of lead nitrate, administered on the histology of kidney of Cyprinus carpio. Fish were exposed to sub-lethal concentration of lead nitrate (5 and 10 ppm) over a period of 15, 30, 60 and 90 days. In this study, various groups with one control and experimental each of 10 fingerlings of common carp were used. Investigations pertaining to the histopathological sections have shown high degree of pathological lesions observed with the passage of time. Study showed dermal necrosis, disintegration of parietal layer of glomerulus, disorganization of proximal tubule with pycnotic nuclei and excessive increase in hematopoietic tissue that spread over large area. The nuclei of renal tubules were hyperchromatic and in several cells were displaced to an apical position, Exposure of fish to lead nitrate for showed increased disintegration of glomerulus, increase in Bowman’s space of glomeruli, vacuolated proximal tubules, enlarged basement membranes of proximal and distal tubule and increased hematopoietic tissue. The results of the present study clearly indicate that chronic exposure to lead nitrate caused adverse effects on the kidney of Cyprinus carpio and also the quality of water.