Effect of Laser Resurfacing on p53 Expression in Photoaged Facial Skin

Abstract

p53 overexpression has been reported in photoaged skin. Meanwhile, p53 gene mutations have been implicated as an important factor in the pathogenesis of ultraviolet (UV) light-induced skin cancer. The objective was to evaluate the effect of laser resurfacing on the epidermal thickness and expression of p53 in photoaged skin. Specimens were obtained from the facial skin of 10 patients before and after 3 months and 1 year of treatment using CO(2) (five cases) and erbium (Er):YAG (five cases) lasers. Specimens were also obtained from six age-matched controls. These biopsies were used for routine histopathology, histometry, and p53 immunoperoxidase staining. Both CO(2) and Er:YAG lasers were found to induce a significant decrease in p53 expression in biopsies obtained after 3 months (p=.0004 and .002, respectively) followed by gradual increase (p=.01 in both groups). A significant increase (p<.01) in epidermal thickness was also observed after 1 year of resurfacing. This increase, however, is inversely correlated with the level of p53 expression in such patients. The decrease in epidermal p53 expression after CO(2) and Er:YAG lasers may account for some of the benefits of resurfacing on the epidermis, as well as prevention of actinic neoplasia by adjusting any disturbance in the proliferation/apoptosis balance observed in photoaged facial skin.