Abstract
Land use conversion could directly or indirectly influence heavy metal geochemistry by changing soil properties. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of land use conversion on surface soil heavy metal contamination in the karst plateau lakeshore wetlands of Southwest China. Based on this, a total of 120 soil samples were collected from 30 sites from different types of land uses (farmlands, grasslands and woodlands) around a lake in Suohuangcang National Wetland Park in August 2017. Contents of As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Hg, Pb and Zn were analyzed, and soil heavy metal contamination was assessed in all three land use types. Results showed that land use transformation from farmland to grassland or woodland was not conducive to the release of soil heavy metal. Surface soil of all three land use types have been moderately polluted by As, Cr, Pb, and Zn, and grassland and woodland also had moderate Cd contamination. The pollution load index (PLI) results revealed low heavy metal contamination in grassland and woodland but no contamination in farmland. Although the integrated contamination in the studied region did not pose a serious potential ecological risk (RI < 150), it might affect human health through the water supply and food chain. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor and control As, Cd, Cr, Pb, and Zn concentrations of surface soil through controlling pollutants, improving waste treatment, as well as strengthening supervision and management in the vicinity of the Suohuangcang National Wetland Park.
Highlights
Wetlands play an important role in providing vital ecosystem services to populations living in their vicinity, such as agricultural production, water quality maintenance and recreation [1,2]
The results indicated that Cd, Cr, Cu and Zn were highly positively correlated with each other for all three land use types, except that there were no correlations between Cr and Cu in grassland and woodland and between Cr and Cd
The results indicated that Cd, Cr, Cu and Zn were highly positively correlated with each other for all three land use types, except that there were no correlations between Cr and Cu in grassland and woodland and between Cr and Cd in grassland
Summary
Wetlands play an important role in providing vital ecosystem services to populations living in their vicinity, such as agricultural production, water quality maintenance and recreation [1,2]. Heavy metals from wetland soils can be released to adjacent waters through agricultural runoff [3,6] and potentially affect terrestrial and aquatic communities. For lakeshore wetlands, these effects are more pronounced, since the water in a lake is stagnant, allowing heavy metals to accumulate. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 84; doi:10.3390/ijerph17010084 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph. 2020, 17,were x FORobserved PEER REVIEW Cu, As, Res. Hg Public and Pb contents among land use types.
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