Effect of lab procedures and ultrasonic bath cleaning on customized implant abutment pollution: An in vitro study.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to validate the effectiveness of a simplified ultrasonic cleaning protocol to clean customized abutments. The second purpose was to investigate the percentage of pollutants on customized abutments delivered by the implants company and the additional effect of dental laboratory manipulations. Twenty-four customized abutments were divided in two groups, 12 returning from the implant company and 12 others returning from the dental laboratory. In each group, there were 6 zirconia (Zr02) abutments and 6 titanium (Ti) abutments. For each conditions, half of the samples were clean with the experimental protocol and the other were left as delivered by the company. The two steps cleaning protocol consisted of mechanical treatment with a sterile compress soaked in a detergent over the transgingival part of the abutment followed by 3 successive ultrasound baths for 2 min/bath. The presence of pollutants was quantified by scanning electron microscopy. The suggested cleaning method allowed to significantly decrease the quantity of pollutants (p=0.0006). The abutments returning from the dental laboratory were significantly more polluted than those coming directly from the implant company (p=0.0043). The cleaning effect was highly significant in both groups (p<0.0001). The quantity of pollutants before cleaning were similar in the titanium and in the zirconia groups and the cleaning effect was highly significant in both groups (p=0.0009). The tested cleaning protocol was successful on the customized abutments from each group.