Abstract
Chronic kidney disease has been linked to cognitive impairment and morphological brain change. However, less is known about the impact of kidney functions on cerebral cortical thickness. A total of 259 non-demented elderly persons were recruited and obtained a magnetic resonance image examination. Global and lobar cerebral cortical thickness (CTh) was processed using FreeSurfer, a surface-based analysis suite. Cortical thinning was defined as being the lowest global or lobar CTh tertile. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and proteinuria data were obtained. Forty-three participants (16.7%) had kidney dysfunction, which was defined as either a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of <60 ml/min/1.73m2 or presence of proteinuria. Kidney dysfunction was associated with lower global (β = −0.05, 95% confidence interval = −0.08 to −0.01) as well as frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital and insular lobar CTh. In a stratified analysis, the associations were more pronounced in women, APOE ε4 non-carriers, and participants with a lower cognitive score. Besides, kidney dysfunction significantly increased the risk of cortical thinning in the insular lobe (adjusted odds ratio = 2.74, 95% confidence interval = 1.31–5.74). Our results suggest that kidney dysfunction should be closely monitored and managed in elderly population to prevent neurodegeneration.
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