Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the antifungal activity of kebar grass (Biophytum petersianum Klotzsch) extract (KGE) on the mycelial growth, conidiation and morphological structure of two types of aflatoxigenic fungus, which are Aspergillus flavus BCCF 0219 and A. flavus BIO 2236. They were isolated in the three types of model media, namely carbohydrate-enriched medium, fat-enriched medium and protein-enriched medium with five concentrations of KGE (12, 14, 16, 18, and 20 mg/mL) on each media. The best extract concentration of that inhibits the growth of A. flavus BCCF 0219 was found in the carbohydrate-enriched medium (95.7%), which was 12 mg/mL, whereas at A. flavus BIO 2236 was found in the fat-enriched medium (100%), which was 16 mg/mL. Based on SEM observation results, it was found that the mechanisms involved in fungal growth inhibitory by the KGE were by morphological alterations of the hyphal development, and the collapse of the entire hyphae. These findings indicated that KGE as a potential natural antifungal agent, particularly against aflatoxigenic fungi.
Highlights
Kebar grass (Biophytum petersianum Klotzsch), belonging to the family Oxalidaceae, is a native plant of Kebar District, West Papua, Indonesia
The use of methanol extract of kebar grass can affect the expression of COX-2 (Guruvayoorappan and Kuttan, 2008) and stimulate immune system cells in mice (Inngjerdingen et al, 2008)
The concentration of kebar grass polar extracts of three food model media affected on the delay of fungal growth
Summary
Kebar grass (Biophytum petersianum Klotzsch), belonging to the family Oxalidaceae, is a native plant of Kebar District, West Papua, Indonesia. The plant grows naturally and widespread all over the Kebar District (Santoso et al, 2007). This plant is found in Southeast Asia and Africa, especially in Mali region. Mali community uses this plant for the treatment of wounds, inflammation, ulcers, malaria, and fever (Inngjerdingen et al, 2008). The use of methanol extract of kebar grass can affect the expression of COX-2 (Guruvayoorappan and Kuttan, 2008) and stimulate immune system cells in mice (Inngjerdingen et al, 2008). Kebar grass extract shows the effect of apoptosis on B16F-10 cells and is able to regulate NO production and cytokine-associated macrophages to tumor formation (Guruvayoorappan and Kuttan, 2007)
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