Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the effect of JUNCAO-cultivated Ganoderma lucidum spent mushroom substratehot water extract (SMSG-HWE) on murine immunity. Methods: Five groups of mice (n = 10) received water with 0.00, 0.14, 0.28, 0.84, or 1.68 g/kg of SWSG-HWE, respectively, orally for 30 days. Various biochemical parameters of serum and tissues, including spleen and thymus indices, were determined were determined for the mice Results: The following markers were significantly higher in the 0.84 g/kg SMSG-HWE group than in the control group (all p < 0.05): splenic lymphocyte proliferation, a marker of cell-mediate immunity; dinitrofluorobenzene-induced delayed hypersensitivity; and the number of haemolytic plaque-forming cells, as a marker of humoral immunity. Phagocytic rate, which evaluates mononuclear-macrophage function as a marker of innate immunity, was significantly higher in both the 0.84 g/kg HWE and 1.68 g/kg SWSG-HWE groups, while phagocytic index was significantly higher in the 0.28 g/kg SWSG-HWE group, compared to the control group (all p < 0.05). Natural killer cell activity also was significantly enhanced in the 0.84 g/kg and 1.68 g/kg SWSG-HWE groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: These findings indicate that SWSG-HWE enhances murine immune function, and may be suitable as a potential additive in animal feed. Keywords: Hot water extract, Cell-mediated immune function, Concanavalin A, Mononuclearmacrophage function, Haemolytic plaque, Humoral immunity, Innate immunity, Animal feed additive
Highlights
Ganoderma lucidum, which is known in China as Lingzhi, is highly regarded valued for its medicinal properties
We investigated the effect of G. lucidum spent mushroom substrate-hot water extract (SMSGHWE) on murine immunity by examining differences in concanavalin A-induced splenic lymphocyte proliferation, carbon clearance, number of plaque-forming cells, serum haemolysin levels, and NK cell activity in groups of mice receiving SMSG-HWE compared to control mice
No significant differences in body weight were observed between any of the treatment groups Group 1 (G1)-Group 4 (G4) and CK
Summary
Ganoderma lucidum, which is known in China as Lingzhi, is highly regarded valued for its medicinal properties. We investigated the effect of G. lucidum spent mushroom substrate-hot water extract (SMSGHWE) on murine immunity by examining differences in concanavalin A (conA)-induced splenic lymphocyte proliferation, carbon clearance, number of plaque-forming cells, serum haemolysin levels, and NK cell activity in groups of mice receiving SMSG-HWE compared to control mice. Serum haemolysin assays were performed on these specimens, and spleen and thymus indices were calculated from the extracted organs. Group II specimens were used to measure NK cell activity and conA-induced splenic lymphocyte proliferation. After which the spleen and thymus were removed immediately. The result was considered positive if the right and left ear differences were significantly higher in any of the experimental groups G1 - G4 compared to CK.
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