Effect of Job Type on Perspective Index

Abstract

Abstract: In this study, all employees (including part-time employees) of a shinkin bank were surveyed using the organizational activation diagnostic tool oractika, developed by Takahashi (1997). Similar to Takahashi (2014), the results of the survey confirmed a mostly linear, positive relationship between the perspective index and job satisfaction and a mostly linear, negative relationship between the perspective index and the desire to quit one's job. In other words, as the perspective index increases, job satisfaction also increases, decreasing the desire to quit one's job. A further analysis by job type showed that, among part-time employees, overall job satisfaction tended to be high. At the same time, they tended to show an equally strong or somewhat stronger desire to quit one's job in comparison with other types of employees. These findings suggest that part-time employees dissatisfied with their work often quit their jobs, whereas those who continue have higher job satisfaction.Keywords: job satisfaction, turnover, perspective index, job typeIntroductionThe oractika survey for organizational activation was developed by Takahashi (1997) as an index for business organization wellness. Takahashi and others have created a body of empirical studies on this topic (Takahashi, 2002, 2013a, 2013b, 2014; Takahashi, Ohkawa, 8s Inamizu, 2009, 2014; Takahashi, Ohkawa, Inamizu, 8s Akiike, 2013). The perspective index in the oractika survey measures how people who constitute the organization think about its future. Takahashi (1997) demonstrates empirically that this perspective index showed a mostly linear, positive relationship with job satisfaction, but a mostly linear, negative relationship with the desire to quit one's job. In other words, it is important that people who constitute an organization are aware of its future, so that these individuals are satisfied and loyal at work.However, note that there are different employment arrangements. In Japan, there is a great emphasis on the categorization of roles when employees join a company, with some emphasis placed on a managerial career track. Some employees have a traditional lifetime employment agreement, whereas others are part-time employees. Thus, the relationship between the perspective index and job satisfaction or the desire to quit one's job can be expected to differ depending on the employment category. While Takahashi, Ohkawa, Inamizu, 8s Akiike (2013) attempted to understand the relationship between the perspective index and job satisfaction or a desire to quit one's job through these job categories, research is still incomplete. This study explores how the relationships between the perspective index and job satisfaction or the desire to quit one's job vary by job type.Thus, this study concludes that 1) the relationship found by Takahashi (1997) is re-enacted in an organization as a whole, and 2) part-time employees tend to have a high level of job satisfaction.Research MethodThe subject of our study was Mito Shinkin, a shinkin bank headquartered in Mito, Ibaraki Prefecture. Established as Mito Credit Union in 1945, Mito Shinkin was reincorporated under its current form and name in 1952. Mito Shinkin operates primarily in the Ibaraki Prefecture, but it has also expanded into Chiba and Fukushima Prefectures. The basic management strategy of this bank is to serve the local community, and its aim is to provide meticulous service from a long-term perspective. The following is an overview of Mito Shinkin (taken from the Mito Shinkin Report of 2011):* Date of establishment: January 6, 1945* Capitalization: 11 billion yen* Total number of employees: 1,076* Branches: 76* Deposits: 1.1 trillion yen* Loans: 528.3 billion yenOur survey, which targeted the 76 offices (including headquarters), was distributed to employees of Mito Shinkin with the cooperation of the bank. The survey was administered between September 15 and September 28, 2011. …