Effect of isometric quadriceps in reduce pain in patients of knee osteoarthritis

Warsono Warsono,Faradisa Yuanita Fahmi,Anita Rachmawati

doi:10.26714/seanr.3.4.2021.160-166

Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease that often occurs, both in Indonesia and abroad. OA is characterized by progressive destruction of joint cartilage and causes structural changes in the joints. OA disease from grades 1 to 4 has symptoms that are usually difficult for the sufferer's life. One of these symptoms is joint pain, but reducing pain intensity, especially OA grades 1 to 3, it can be done with exercise. The use of this exercise is an isometric quadriceps exercise. The design of this study used a quasi-experimental design with a pre-post test control group design with a sample of 40 respondents who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, namely patients with knee osteoarthritis, stage II, and III who underwent the initial rehabilitation program. Based on the results of data processing using the Wilcoxon test in the control group, the p-value = 0.01 < 0.05, while in the intervention group the p-value = 0.00 < 0.05. From these results, it can be concluded that isometric quadricep exercise is effective in reducing pain intensity in osteoarthritis genu grades 1 to 3. So isometric quadricep exercise can be recommended as an independent therapy in reducing knee osteoarthritis pain intensity.

Highlights

Based on data from the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2016, osteoarthritis is the most common musculoskeletal disease, with a prevalence of knee osteoarthritis reaching 3.8% and hip by 0.85% globally (WHO, 2016)
The population in the study were all patients with knee osteoarthritis in the Kendal 1 Public Health Center with the criteria of the patient being >50 years old, moderate pain 4-7, knee flexion angle > 90o, and patients with a medical diagnosis of OA grade II or III (K/L scale)
The existence of quadriceps muscle exercise is effective in reducing the intensity of knee osteoarthritis pain with a p-value of 0.000. These muscle strengthening exercises can be done as a patient's routine and alternative therapy in reducing the pain intensity of grade I, II, III (K/L) knee osteoarthritis from mild to moderate pain. This is in line with research conducted by other research who said that isometric quadriceps exercise was very significant (p = 0.001) in reducing knee osteoarthritis pain and improving joint elasticity.[23]

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Based on data from the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2016, osteoarthritis is the most common musculoskeletal disease, with a prevalence of knee osteoarthritis reaching 3.8% and hip by 0.85% globally (WHO, 2016). Based on observations and interviews from 4 patients in the outpatient clinic and orthopedic rehabilitation room in patients diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis grade K/L II, all patients underwent a physical examination and were given pharmacological therapy in the form of analgesic drugs and supplements From this preliminary study, the authors assessed the need to apply isometric quadriceps exercise therapy as a strengthening of the quadriceps muscle because based on the results of the latest research by.[13] it has proven to be very effective in helping reduce pain intensity. Collecting data in this intervention by measuring and interviewing respondents related to name, age, gender, Body Mass Index (BMI), and occupation, while data assessing pain intensity before and after therapy using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) instrument

METHODS

CONCLUSION

Kemenkes