Effect of Irrigation with Contaminated Water by Cloth Detergent on Seed Germination Traits and Early Growth of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Hassan Heidari

doi:10.15835/nsb519003

Abstract

One of the sources for irrigation is sewage. Contaminated water may affect seed germination and plant growth. A laboratory experiment and a pot experiment were conducted in 2012 to determine the effect of different doses of detergent on seed germination traits and early growth of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). The experiments included eight doses of cloth detergent (0, 0.00002, 0.0002, 0.002, 0.02, 0.2, 2, 20 g/L). Results showed that 20 and 2 g/L of detergent severely reduced seed germination, plant height, leaf number per plant, total biomass and stem weight. 20 g/L of detergent reduced shoot length, root length, seedling weight and seed vigor. Seed germination stage was more sensitive to contaminated water than early growth stage. The results demonstrated that irrigating sunflower by contaminated water with household cleaning products at high concentration should be avoided.

Highlights

Materials and methodsIrrigation is an increasingly important practice for crop production in west of Iran
Seed germination traits of sunflower showed that the highest dose of detergent reduced seed germination, shoot length, root length, seedling weight and seed vigor compared to control
Reduction in seed germination traits under high dose of detergent can be attributed to induced oxidative stress, resulting in lipid peroxidation and increase in cell membrane permeability to toxic ions (Hejazi Mehrizi et al, 2012)

Summary

Introduction

Irrigation is an increasingly important practice for crop production in west of Iran. In this region, irrigation water supplies are mainly from ground water sources that are being depleted. Seed germination of peanut (Arachis hypogea) was more sensitive to high doses of spent diesel fuel than maize (Zea mays) (Ehiagbonare et al, 2011). Some elements such as heavy metals may have a positive or negative effect on plant growth for example lower concentration of heavy metals increased root, shoot and biomass of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) ( Jadia and Fulekar, 2008). There is little information about effect of detergent on seed germination and plant growth of sunflower, so the objective of this study was to determine sunflower seed germination traits and early growth at different doses of detergent powder

Objectives

Results

Conclusion