Effect of Irrigation Scheduling on Gerbera Flower Yield and Quality

Abstract

Better understanding of the effects of irrigation frequency and dose on flower production of gerbera plants (Gerbera jamesonii) can lead to optimal water management and crop yield. Measurements of greenhouse microclimate and production and quality characteristics of a gerbera crop were carried out under two irrigation frequency regimens in soilless cultivation in a greenhouse located in Arta, Greece. Irrigation scheduling was based on solar radiation and performed whenever accumulated solar radiation energy outside the greenhouse reached 1650 kJ·m−2 [high irrigation frequency (HIF)] or 3300 kJ·m−2 [low irrigation frequency (LIF)]. The amount of water applied was 0.125 mm and 0.250 mm for HIF and LIF, respectively. Stem fresh weight, length and thickness, and number of harvested gerbera flowers were measured along with crop evapotranspiration, crop leaf area, and greenhouse microclimate variables. Measurements started 8 months after transplanting and lasted 90 days (May to July). Leaf area, fresh weight, harvested cut flowers, and the main quality characteristics of gerbera flowers (stem length and flower diameter) were unaffected by the irrigation frequency. In the framework of the experiment, simple formulas for calculation of leaf area index were developed. Finally, a first approach study of an alternative remote sensing irrigation control method using a reflectance index was made and the results are presented.