Abstract
Tomato is often attacked by wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporium . Iodine is known to have fungistatic effect in pathogen control. The present experiment was aimed at determining the effect of iodine compounds (potassium iodide, KI and potassium iodate, KIO 3 ) on incidence and severity of Fusarium wilt and yield of two tomato accessions, FUNAABTO/106 and FUNAABTO/123. The experiment was conducted in the screenhouse and on the field. KI was applied at concentrations of 1, 2, 3, 5 mM while KIO 3 was applied at concentrations of 0.5, 1, 2, 3 mM. The untreated plots served as control. Results showed that FUNAABTO/106 treated with 0.5 mM KIO 3 in the screenhouse and on the field had the least (0.00%) disease incidence. Disease severity was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) lower (1.00) in the screenhouse in pots containing FUNAABTO/106 treated with 1 mM KIO 3 . On the field, FUNAABTO/106 treated with 0.5 mM KIO 3 had the least (1.17) disease severity. FUNAABTO/106 treated with 0.5 mM KIO 3 in the screenhouse and on the field were significantly higher (1.65t/ha and 18.54t/ha respectively) in yield. The study concluded that application of iodine compounds at lower concentrations reduced the incidence and severity of Fusarium wilt and increased the yield of tomato. Keywords: Potassium iodate (KIO 3 ), Potassium iodide (KI), Fusarium oxysporium
Highlights
Tomato, Solanum lycopersicum L., is the world's most highly consumed vegetable due to its status as a basic ingredient in a large variety of raw, cooked or processed foods
There were significant differences (p≤ 0.05) as the highest disease incidence (50.00 %) in the screenhouse was recorded in the control pot for FUNAABTO/106 and FUNAABTO/123 treated with potassium iodide (KI) at concentration 5 mM at 6 WAT while FUNAABTO/106 treated with potassium iodate (KIO3) at concentrations 0.5 mM and 1 mM as well as FUNAABTO/123 treated with KIO3 at 0.5 mM had the least (0.00 %)
The highest disease incidence (43.44 %) at 6 WAT was recorded in FUNAABTO/123 treated with KI at concentration 5 mM while the least result (0.00 %) was recorded in FUNAABTO/106 treated with KIO3 0.5 mM and 1 mM
Summary
Solanum lycopersicum L., is the world's most highly consumed vegetable due to its status as a basic ingredient in a large variety of raw, cooked or processed foods. Lycopersici, is part of the factors responsible for low production of tomato in Nigeria (Akaeze et al, 2017). It constitutes serious threat to food security in Sub-Saharan Africa (Popoola et al, 2012). It causes an average yield loss of 50 % in tomato production (Ajilogba et al, 2013). Iodinebased compounds have been reported to be effective in controlling some fungal diseases of
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