Abstract
The effect of inulin and fulvic acid, added in the feed, on growth, survival, prevalence of WSSV, and immune system was studied in Litopenaeus vannamei . Bioassay treatments were performed in triplicate: I, Control, commercial feed + cellulose (3,0 g kg of feed -1 ); II, commercial feed + inulin (0,625 g kg of feed -1 ) + fulvic acid (0,125 g kg of feed -1 ); III, commercial feed + inulin (1,25 g kg of feed -1 ) + fulvic acid (0,25 g kg of feed -1 ); IV, Commercial feed + inulin (2,50 g kg of feed -1 ) + fulvic acid (0,5 g kg of feed -1 ). WSSV analysis was done by PCR (single and nested). The immune system was studied at biochemical and genetic level (quantitative PCR). The growth in weight was similar in all treatments. Survival was between 66,67% and 93,33%. WSSV prevalence decreased 13% as compared to control. The number of hemocytes, phenoloxidase activity, and superoxide anion concentration were similar in all treatments. Additives modulated the expression of transglutaminase, superoxide dismutase, and prophenoloxidase genes, but not the receptor Toll. Inulin and fulvic acid decreased the prevalence of WSSV in shrimp infected with relatively high viral load. Additives did not affect the immune system at biochemical level but they modulated the expression of some immune-related genes in L. vannamei .
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