Effect of intravitreal Triamcinolone (2mg) on diabetic macular oedema in the pseudophakic patient as primary treatment

Abstract

Diabetic macular oedema is still a significant cause of vision drop in the diabetic patient with no definitive regime for treatment. This study was on the result of effects of intravitreal injection of (2mg) triamcinolone on central macular thickness measured by OCT, visual acuity and intraocular pressure in pseudophakic eyes with diabetic macular oedema as a primary treatment line followed in six months. This study is a prospective, interventional case study series. It was on patients who received intravitreal injection of Triamcinolone in a single dose of ( 2 mg/0. 05 ml). Central macular thickness by OCT, visual acuity, and intraocular pressure was measured pre-injection and 1,3,6 months after injection. This study was performed in Iraq, Baghdad, Ibn Al-Haitham Teaching Eye Hospital from October 2014 to July 2015. Results showed 25 eyes received intravitreal injection of Triamcinolone Acetoniod with pre-injection central macular thickness 597.9+98.02 µm, visual acuity 1.096+0.61 Log MAR and intraocular pressure of 16.5+ 2.53 mmHg. After six months of follow up on central macular thickness 341.6+163.1 µm, visual acuity was 0.63 + 0.40 Log MAR and IOP was 18. 04+ 5. 63mmHg. This study suggests that intravitreal injection of Triamcinolone in a dose 2mg / 0. 05ml improves both anatomical and visual outcome in 21 eyes (84%) out of 25 pseudophakic eyes with diabetic macular oedema during first six months after injection and an increase in intraocular pressure in 2 eyes (8%). The intraocular pressure was despite the use of anti-glaucoma medications during this period.