Abstract
Fundus reflectometry is a common in-vivo, noninvasive method to estimate the macular pigment optical density (MPOD). The measured density, however, can be affected by the individual's intraocular scattering. Scattering causes a reduction in the contrast of the fundus image, which in turn leads to an underestimation of the measured density. Intraocular scattering was measured optically in a group of seven young, healthy subjects using the method of optical integration and was subsequently used to correctly estimate the MPOD from fundus images. It was shown that when scattering is not considered, the measured optical density using fundus reflectometry can be underestimated by as high as 16% for our group of subjects.
Highlights
Intraocular scattering has a large spatial range, extending well beyond 2 deg[1,2,3,4] and causing an overall contrast decrease in recorded fundus images
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of intraocular scattering in macular pigment optical density (MPOD) measurements using reflectance values from fundus images, recorded using a flood illumination system
The importance of the effect depends on the amount of intraocular scattering at blue and green, their
Summary
Intraocular scattering has a large spatial range, extending well beyond 2 deg[1,2,3,4] and causing an overall contrast decrease in recorded fundus images. This decrease depends on three factors: the wavelength, with the decrease being is stronger at the edges of the visible spectrum,[5,6] the quality of the ocular optics, and the dynamic range of the fundus image. Carotenoids are well known for their antioxidant activity[12] and, MP is thought to act as an antioxidant protective agent in the retina.[13,14,15] The lack of it has been correlated to degenerative macular diseases, such as agerelated macular degeneration.[16,17,18] In other studies, MP has been related to improved visual function, acuity and visibility.[19,20]
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