Effect of intra-abdominal administration of ligustrazine nanoparticles nano spray on postoperative peritoneal adhesion in rat model.

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We aimed to evaluate the preventive effect of the ligustrazine nanoparticles nano spray (LNNS) for postoperative peritoneal adhesions in female rat models. Fifty Wistar female rats weighting 250-300 g were randomly assigned to seven equal groups. All animals in the seven groups underwent midline laparotomy and ceca were abraded with sterile rasp. Group 1 underwent sham operations without treatment. In group 2, a postoperative peritoneal adhesion model was created, but no medication was given. In group 3, a postoperative peritoneal adhesion model was treated with LNNS, 2.5 mg/kg. In group 4, a postoperative peritoneal adhesion model was treated with LNNS, 5 mg/kg. In group 5, a postoperative peritoneal adhesion model was treated with LNNS, 10 mg/kg. In group 6, a postoperative peritoneal adhesion model was treated with polylactic acid (PLA) nanoparticle. In group 7, a postoperative peritoneal adhesion model was treated with ligustrazine, 2.5 mg/kg. Ten days after surgery, macroscopic and pathologic assessments were performed, and peritoneal fluid samples were collected in each group. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in peritoneal fluid were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The adhesion score and extent of groups 4 and 5 was lower than that of group 2 in macroscopic assessment (P < 0.05). A comparison of tumor necrosis factor-α and tissue plasminogen activator level in the peritoneal fluid also demonstrated significant differences among groups 2, 4 and 5 (P < 0.05). The levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in peritoneal fluid in the LNNS groups were decreased compared to group 1. We suggest that LNNS could reduce peritoneal adhesion formation and it could be applied as a novel intervention for postoperative peritoneal adhesion.