Effect of Inspiratory Muscle Training with Royal Jelly Supplement on Iron Metabolism in Cigarette Addicts.

Abstract

The strength or weakness of the respiratory muscles compared with other skeletal muscles owing to their more specialized structures is considered as an indicator or cause of a disease. This study aimed to investigate the effects of inspiratory muscle training with royal jelly (RJ) supplement on iron metabolism in cigarette addicts. A total of 40 male volunteers participated in the study who were divided into 4 groups before the study as follows: smoker control group (n=10), inspiratory muscle training (IMT) group (n=10), RJ group (n=10), and RJ+IMT (n=10) group. Blood samples were taken from all the participants for analysis of iron, iron binding, and total iron binding capacity. Maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) measurements for the groups to perform training were carried out with 40% of their MIP values. The training sessions were carried out at the same time every day for 4 weeks (5 days per week). The Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.0 program was used for statistical analyses. The results of the analysis found that the iron, iron binding, and total iron binding capacities were in favor of post-tests in the RJ supplement IMT, and RJ+IMT groups compared with those in the control group (p<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between the RJ supplement, IMT, and RJ+IMT groups compared with the control group (p<0.05). Therefore, it could be concluded that the IMT and RJ supplements positively affected these parameters by altering the iron metabolism of the cigarette addicts.