Effect of inoculum source and initial concentration on the anaerobic digestion of the liquid fraction from hydrothermal carbonisation of sewage sludge

Abstract

Abstract Hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC) is a relatively new alternative for the management of sewage sludge that allows obtaining a HTC char (hydrochar) with a high heating value (≈22 MJ/kg). The aim of this work has been to study the anaerobic digestion of the liquid fraction generated as by-product during HTC (LFHTC) of dewatered sewage sludge, to get more value to the overall process. For this purpose, three different inocula: granular biomass from industrial reactors treating brewery and sugar beet wastewaters and a flocculent biomass from a full-scale digester of municipal sewage sludge, at two initial inoculum concentrations (IC) (10 and 25 g COD/L) were tested. ANOVA test was applied to evaluate the ultimate methane yield for each IC. The effect was different for each inoculum studied: an increase from 10 to 25 g COD/L increased the methane yield by 23% for brewery waste, achieving the highest value obtained (177 ± 5 mL STP CH4/g CODadded), while declining to 99 ± 2 mL STP CH4/g CODadded for sugar beet; it is not affected by the municipal sludge, yielding around 135 mL STP CH4/g CODadded. Therefore, among the inocula tested, brewery waste was the most appropriate for the anaerobic digestion of the LFHTC of dewatered sewage sludge at high IC.