Abstract
Nine green algae, a diatom and three cyanobacteria were shown to precipitate CaCO3 in batch culture, when grown in the light in a hard water medium containing 68 mg L−1 soluble calcium. The composition of the medium was based on that found in a natural hardwater marina where precipitation of CaCO3 within algal biofilms occurred. Deposition occurred as a direct result of photosynthesis which caused an increase in the pH of the medium. Once a critical pH had been reached, typically approximately pH 9.0, precipitation began evidenced by a fall in the concentration of soluble calcium in the medium. Certain characteristics of the precipitation process displayed by the diatom Navicula sp. were different to those of the other algae. All algae produced extracellular crystals of irregular morphology.
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