Abstract
Solidification cellular substructure can improve the strength and ductility of austenitic stainless steel (SS) manufactured by laser powder-bed-fusion (L-PBF), but it is highly sensitive to elevated temperature. However, the underlying mechanisms affecting the thermal stability of cellular substructures remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the high annealing temperature can induce the unidirectional transformation from L-PBF 304L SS matrix to MnSiO3 inclusion to MnCrO4 inclusion, thus changing the interface properties of inclusions. The experimental results indicate that the thermal stability of cellular substructures is highly dependent on the interfacial properties between inclusions and the L-PBF 304L SS matrix. We uncover that the semi-coherent interface between MnSiO3 inclusions and L-PBF 304L SS matrix plays a crucial role in the formation of useful cellular substructures and the achievement of high strength and high ductility of L-PBF 304L SS. This new understanding of the inclusion interface properties can provide unprecedented possibilities for future development of high-performance L-PBF austenitic SS.
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