Effect of In-Shoe Foot Orthosis Contours on Heel Pain Due to Calcaneal Spurs

Dwi Basuki Wibowo,Wahyu Caesarendra,Gunawan Dwi Haryadi,Achmad Widodo,Rudiansyah Harahap

doi:10.3390/app9030495

Dwi Basuki Wibowo, Wahyu Caesarendra + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/app9030495

Copy DOI

Abstract

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of contouring the shoe insole on calcaneal pressure and heel pain in calcaneal spur patients. Calcaneal pressure was measured using three force sensors from 13 patients including three males and 10 females. These patients have plantar heel pain due to calcaneal spurs, and we examined five customized contour insole foot areas (0–100%). Sensors were attached at the central heel (CH), lateral heel (LH) and medial heel (MH) of the foot. The pain was measured using an algometer and evaluated by the pain minimum compressive pressure (PMCP). In this study, it was observed that the calcaneal pressure decreased with increasing insole foot area. In addition, increasing the insole foot area from 25% to 50% can reduce the calcaneal pressure approximately 17.4% at the LH and 30.9% at the MH, which are smaller than the PMCP, while at the MH, pressure reduced 6.9%, which is greater than the PMCP. Therefore, to reduce pain, one can use 50% insole foot area, even though at MH it is still 19.3% greater than the PMCP. Excellent pain relief was observed when using 100% insole foot area, as the pressures in those three areas are lower than the PMCPs, but it is not recommended because it requires large production costs.

Highlights

Plantar heel pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal conditions affecting the foot in adults, with a highest incidence at the age of 40 to 60 years [1,2]
Each size is not made in the shoe form, but in the form of a foam impression (Figure 2c), and for variation in the shoe insole area of 0% A to 100% A, a total of 30 foam impressions were made
This quantitative study shows that it is easy to obtain a variety of shoe insole foot contours by varying the contact area of the shoe insole, compared to directly printing the plantar foot on the casting board for any weight bearing condition

Summary

Introduction

Plantar heel pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal conditions affecting the foot in adults, with a highest incidence at the age of 40 to 60 years [1,2]. A calcaneal spur is a condition where a calcium deposit grows between the heel and arch of the foot [4] This does not affect a person’s daily life, but repetitive stress from activities may result in the spur breaking into sharp pieces and pressing the nerves of the plantar fascia [5,6,7]. This condition causes plantar fasciitis, in which patients experience pain and tenderness at the heel [8,9]. Individuals with either flat feet or high arches, and individuals who engage in prolonged standing or walking are very vulnerable to this disease [6]

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion