Abstract
The disposal of toxic wastes containing heavy metals may cause a peculiar environmental problem especially when these metals are present in water soluble form. In the present research varying concentration of cadmium ions have been studied for their effect on physical, chemical and engineering properties of 43 grade Ordinary Portland Cement like initial and final setting time, compressive strength, bulk density, leaching studies, microscopic studies etc. our Efforts have been made to establish a quantitative corelation between the different concentrations of cadmium ions used and the intensity of any change in above properties of the cement. Nitrate salt of cadmium has been taken in the concentration range 1000-5000 ppm and the results of these investigations are presented in this paper. The results show that Cd improves the Compressive strength as well as the bulk density of the mortar samples. The leaching studies shows that the concentration of cadmium is almost negligible in the leachate analysed by the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer and as the concentration increases in the mortar samples the leaching of cadmium ions decreased it shows all the added cadmium ions gets adsorbed on the surface of cement. Scanning electron microscopic studies shows that the C-S-H gel phases are denser than that of control samples and C-S-H phases are responsible for the improved compressive strength of cement samples.
Highlights
Cadmium is generally present in a higher concentration in electroplating waste, paper industry waste, Battery waste etc. it is very toxic to human being and environment doses beyond the permissible limit causes Kidney damage, sterility on males, flu-like disorder and high blood pressure
This paper presents the quantitative correlation between the varying concentrations of cadmium ions and the intensity of effect on physical, chemical and engineering properties of 43 grade Ordinary Portland Cement as there is a very less data reported in the literature about these variables and quantitative relationships are necessary in order to estimate the influence of the amount of metal ions on these properties
Control mortar samples as well as the samples containing different concentrations of cadmium ions were dipped in water for curing and the samples were analysed for visual observations at different intervals of time
Summary
Cadmium is generally present in a higher concentration in electroplating waste, paper industry waste, Battery waste etc. it is very toxic to human being and environment doses beyond the permissible limit causes Kidney damage, sterility on males, flu-like disorder and high blood pressure. Cadmium is generally present in a higher concentration in electroplating waste, paper industry waste, Battery waste etc. Solidification/Stabilization (S/S) often uses cement and cement like material (and water if necessary) in the treatment of hazardous waste that are in liquid or sludge forms to produce a solid for land disposal in case of heavy metals containing wastes in which metal concentration are too low for economical recovery but high enough to represent a toxicity hazardous. The safe disposal of cadmium waste generating from electroplating, paper industry, paint industry etc. Cadmium is very interesting metal because of its toxic nature, high solubility and mobility characteristics. In recent years there have been increased concern regarding the leaching of hazardous substances from land fill into local surrounding to assess the hazardous of heavy metal containing wastes prior to disposal.
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