Abstract
BackgroundThe most important side effects of Cyclophosphamide, as an anticancer broad-spectrum drug, are the negative effects on the reproduction and fertility because of oxidative stress. Considering the antioxidant properties of medicinal plants, especially those of the Allium genus, this paper studied the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Allium atroviolaceum L. on the pathology of testicular tissue in CP-treated mice.MethodsGroups of this experimental study consisted of normal saline recipients; three groups receiving A. atroviolaceum extract at 50, 100, 200 mg/kg; three groups receiving A. atroviolaceum extract at 50, 100, and 200 mg/g and 6.6 mg/kg of Cyclophosphamide; and a group given Cyclophosphamide at 1.6 mg/kg. All injections were performed intra-peritoneally. After 30 days, the testicular histological profile as well as the number of spermatozoa, the number of primary and round spermatocytes, and the number of spermatogonia were investigated.ResultsCyclophosphamide treatment significantly reduced the lumen diameter, the seminiferous tubule diameter, the epithelial thickness, as well as decreased the quantity of spermatozoa and round and primary spermatocytes compared to the control group. Cyclophosphamide groups treated with A. atroviolaceum extract at 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg in a significant manner improved these variables (P < 0.001).ConclusionA. atroviolaceum extract can significantly improve Cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity and pathological process on testicular tissue. It seems that this plant, with high antioxidant capacity, can be considered a complementary therapy for Cyclophosphamide to prevent undesirable effects on the reproductive system.
Highlights
The most important side effects of Cyclophosphamide, as an anticancer broad-spectrum drug, are the negative effects on the reproduction and fertility because of oxidative stress
The groups treated with A. atroviolaceum extract at 100 and 200 mg/kg had significantly greater lumen diameter than the control group (P < 0.001)
Cyclophosphamide reduced the number of spermatozoa, primary spermatocyte, round spermatocyte and spermatogonia, and decreased lumen diameter, epithelial thickness, and tubular diameter
Summary
The most important side effects of Cyclophosphamide, as an anticancer broad-spectrum drug, are the negative effects on the reproduction and fertility because of oxidative stress. The genus Allium includes approximately 750 plant species [1] These herbs are rich in flavonoids, saponins, sapogenins, and vaporizable sulfur compounds. These compounds control the characteristics of these plants, including their spicy smell and taste. The antioxidant effects of various species of this genus have been proven [3,4,5] Plants of this genus have been used as food in the culture of some countries for centuries, and as preventive and therapeutic drug compounds [6, 7]. The factors of infertility in men are Received 11 September 2019; accepted 3 December 2019.
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