Abstract
Employing recycled tyre steel (RTS) fibres to replace industrial steel (IS) fibres in ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) can improve its cost-effectiveness and sustainability. However, the lack of research on dynamic properties of such sustainable UHPC would hinder its application in concrete structures such as protective and defence structures which may experience different dynamic loadings. This paper experimentally investigates the effect of various RTS fibre replacement levels (0.5–2.0% by volume) on the flowability and quasi-static compressive, flexural and tensile strengths of UHPC as well as the dynamic splitting tensile behaviour under various strain rates (4.5–6.5 s−1). The conventional UHPC with 2.0% IS fibre was prepared as the reference. Results indicate that the flowability of UHPC containing RTS fibres is about 5–11% higher than that of reference UHPC. Rising the RTS fibre replacement level up to 1.0% increases the compressive, flexural and tensile strengths while after which, the strengths drop. The dynamic splitting tensile behaviour of all UHPC specimens is sensitive to strain rate in terms of failure pattern, dynamic splitting tensile strength, dynamic increase factor and energy absorption capacity. Using 0.5% RTS fibre to substitute IS fibre can bring the best synergy, leading to the highest dynamic splitting tensile properties of UHPC at a strain rate of approximately 4.5–6.5 s−1. The material cost, embodied carbon and embodied energy of UHPC are reduced by 9–57% in the presence of RTS fibres. The optimal RTS fibre replacement dosage for UHPC is 0.5% considering static mechanical properties, dynamic splitting tensile behaviour, material cost and environmental impact.
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