Effect of Humic Acid Addition on Buffering Capacity and Nutrient Storage Capacity of Soilless Substrates

Jingcheng Xu,Tao Lu,Qiang Li,Esraa Mohamed,Weijie Jiang,Hongjun Yu

doi:10.3389/fpls.2021.644229

Abstract

Excessive application of fertilizers has become a major issue in croplands of intensive agricultural systems in China, resulting in severe non-point source pollution; thus, reduction in the use of chemical fertilizers has received significant attention. Improving the nutrient storage capacity of soils or substrates is an effective approach for solving this problem. Humic acids (HA) are excellent soil conditioners. Thus, in the present study, their ability to improve the physico-chemical properties of three substrates with different textures was evaluated. HA treatments included 1% HA root application in three different types of substrates, including pure sand, pure cocopeat, and a mixture of sand:cocopeat (1:1, v/v) and their relative controls. We examined the morphological parameters of cucumber seedlings as well as pH buffering capacity (pHBC), total organic carbon (TOC), organic matter (OM), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and nutrient storage capacity of the three substrates. The results show that HA application improved the morphological parameters of cucumber seedlings (plant height, stem diameter, and biomass) in pure cocopeat and cocopeat-sand mixture treatments. On the contrary, HA addition had harmful effects on the cucumber seedlings cultivated in sand due to the low pHBC of sand. The seedlings cultivated in pure cocopeat showed the best morphological parameter performances among the seedlings grown in the three substrates. Furthermore, pHBC, TOC, OM, and CEC were enhanced by HA application. Incorporation of HA improved ammonium (NH4+) and potassium (K+) storage capacity while decreasing phosphorus (P) storage. Pure cocopeat had the highest pHBC, TOC, OM, CEC, and nutrient storage capacity among the three substrates. In conclusion, mixing 1% HA into substrates promoted cucumber growth, improved substrate properties, and enhanced fertilizer use efficiency. Pure cocopeat is a suitable substrate for cucumber cultivation, and mixing cocopeat with sand amends the substrate properties and consequently improves plant growth.

Highlights

Chemical fertilizers are one of the most important factors in the agricultural production of modern civilization, and they can dramatically enhance crop yield
We examined the morphological parameters of cucumber seedlings as well as pH buffering capacity, total organic carbon (TOC), organic matter (OM), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and nutrient storage capacity of the three substrates
Humic acids (HA) application increased the height of cucumber seedlings cultivated in pure cocopeat and the mixture of sand:cocopeat (1:1, v/v) by 17.59 and 20.02%, respectively, whereas the pure sand treatments showed an opposite trend when HA was applied, indicating that the three substrates responded differently to the application of HA

Summary

Introduction

Chemical fertilizers are one of the most important factors in the agricultural production of modern civilization, and they can dramatically enhance crop yield. In China, the unprecedented population boom is threatening food production self-sufficiency (Wei et al, 2015). In an attempt to make the most of the limited productive arable land and achieve high food production sustainably, farmers tend to cultivate high-yielding varieties which have a high demand for nutrients. China lost more nutrients in agricultural production, and fertilizer use efficiency of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) was less than 35, 20, and 50%, respectively (Li et al, 2010); taking a deep look into the improvement of fertilizer use efficiency is of great significance and necessity

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion