Abstract
Objectives: To determine the mode of hypolipidemic action of Hulled Barley Grains Powder (HBGP) on the gene level expression of PPAR-g and SIRT1 in High-Fat Diet (HFD) induced hyperlipidemic rats. Methods: The HBGP was subjected to High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to quantify the major phytochemicals. Male Sprague Dawley rats were fed an HFD for 14 weeks to induce hyperlipidemia. The rats in groups 1 and 2 were fed a standard diet. Group 3 and 4 rats were fed HFD for 14 weeks. From the third week onwards, Group 2 and 4 rats received 50% of HBGP mixed in the feed, in addition to 50% of the normal and HFD diets. The rats were euthanized after 14 weeks, and plasma lipids, serum levels of adiponectin and leptin were measured. The mRNA expression of PPAR-g and SIRT1were also measured. Findings: HBGP was found to contain phenolics: Ferulic acid-9.11, benzoic acid-3.58, cinnamic acid-1.191, vanillic acid-2.43, flavonoids: quercetin- 6.53, kaempferol-1.04, and myricetin-1.443 (mg/g). HFD+HBGP fed rats showed a significant decrease in blood lipids and leptin levels. Furthermore, serum adiponectin levels and mRNA expression of PPAR-g and SIRT1 were found to be quantitatively increased in HBGP co-administered rats when compared to HFD fed rats. Novelty: HBGP exhibits hypolipidemic activity by elevating the mRNA expression of PPAR-g and SIRT1. The presence of various phytochemicals such as ferulic acid, quercetin, benzoic acid, vanillic acid, myricetin, cinnamic acid, and kaempferol might be accounted for the hypolipidemic effect of HBGP. Keywords: Hyperlipidemia; HFD; HBGP; HPLC; Adiponectin; Leptin; PPAR-g ; SIRT1
Highlights
Hyperlipidemia is defined as an elevation of one or more lipids such as total cholesterol (C), triglycerides (TG), free fatty acids, phospholipids, cholesterol esters, and low density lipoprotein (LDL)
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)-UV spectra confirmed that Hulled Barley Grains Powder (HBGP) is rich in ferulic acid
When HBGP co-administered group 4 rats were compared to High-Fat Diet (HFD) fed group 3 rats, the results showed a significant increase in adiponectin and a significant decrease in leptin
Summary
Hyperlipidemia is defined as an elevation of one or more lipids such as total cholesterol (C), triglycerides (TG), free fatty acids, phospholipids, cholesterol esters, and LDL. Increased tissue deposition of fats together with hyperlipidemia contributes to obesity. The prevalence of hyperlipidemia is reaching its peak every year, both in developed and developing countries. The pathogenesis of hyperlipidemia is difficult to understand, many experimental animal models have been developed to enrich a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in hyperlipidemia and for the development of novel herbal-based therapeutic drugs. Drug therapy for treating hyperlipidemia includes an allopathic formulation consisting of statins, bile acids, fibrates, and nicotinic acids. Medication lowered cholesterol levels in a large-scale, prospective, randomized study, the major adverse side effect is empathy, which can develop into fatal or non-fatal rhabdomyolysis. Herbal medicinal therapy is the unique alternative for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. Evidence is emerging to support that increasing consumption of dietary phytochemicals is an effective strategy to overcome hyperlipidemia
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
