Effect of high glucose levels in human platelet NTPDase and 5′-nucleotidase activities

Abstract

Objectives The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different glucose levels on the ATP, ADP and AMP hydrolysis in the platelets of diabetic, hypertensive and diabetic/hypertensive participants. Methods The activities of the enzymes NTPDase (ATP and ADP hydrolysis) and 5′-nucleotidase (AMP hydrolysis), and CD39 expression were analyzed in human blood platelets of diabetic (DM-2), hypertensive (HT) and diabetic/hypertensive (DM-2/HT) patients. To evaluate the interference of glucose and fructose in NTPDase and 5′-nucleotidase activities, experiments were performed with glucose, fructose and mannitol concentrations ranging from 5 to 30 mM in platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Pre-incubation times of 10, 120 min and 24 h were used. Results NTPDase and 5′-nucleotidase activities increased with increasing glucose and fructose concentrations ( P < 0.001) and the different times of pre-incubation did not interfere in ectonucleotidases activities ( P > 0.5). NTPDase and 5′-nucleotidase activities demonstrated a positive correlation between serum glucose levels and ATP and ADP hydrolysis in DM-2 and DM-2/HT patients. CD39 expression demonstrated that DM-2, HT and DM-2/HT groups presented a significant increase when compared to the control group ( P < 0.004). Conclusion The hydrolysis of adenine nucleotides is enhanced in platelets of patients with diabetes and hypertension. We observed that an increasing glucose concentration had a direct effect on ATP, ADP and AMP hydrolysis. Furthermore, CD39 expression was enhanced in all patients groups, indicating that these enzyme activities are related with diabetes and hypertension.