Effect of Helicobacter pylori infection and its eradication on gastric regenerating atypia in 22133 subjects.

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The aim of this study was to identify factors affecting persistent gastric regenerating atypia and determine the effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on the course of this lesion. In cross-sectional setting, comprehensive health check-up subjects who underwent both endoscopy and H.pylori test from 2001 to 2009 were included. The association between H.pylori and gastric regenerating atypia was evaluated. In cohort setting, patients with regenerating atypia who underwent H.pylori test from 2001 to 2013 were included. Factors affecting positive pathology (persistent regenerating atypia or new development of neoplasm) in patients with regenerating atypia at baseline were investigated. In cross-sectional setting, regenerating atypia was observed in 1.1% (241/22133). H.pylori infection was associated with gastric regenerating atypia (adjusted odds ratio, 1.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12-1.91). In cohort setting, 310 patients with regenerating atypia were finally eligible. Positive pathology rate during follow up was 16.1% (15/93) in the persistent infection group, 2.8% (3/106) in successful eradication group, and 4.5% (5/111) in baseline H.pylori-negative group. Persistent H.pylori infection increased the risk of positive pathology (adjusted risk ratio [RR], 7.18; 95% CI, 1.95-26.48) compared to H.pylori eradication group. Persistent H.pylori infection increased the risk of regenerative atypia (adjusted RR, 5.70; 95% CI, 1.46-22.17) and new neoplasm (adjusted RR, 10.74; 95% CI, 1.10-105.17) compared to baseline negative H.pylori. H.pylori infection is an independent risk factor for gastric regenerating atypia. Eradication of H.pylori seems helpful for regression of regenerating atypia.