Abstract
TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized at room temperature by chemical precipitation method and were then heated at 120, 300, 600 and 900 °C temperatures. The phase transition and crystallite size variation were determined by X-rays diffraction (XRD) analysis. The surface area, pore volume and pore size were measured using Brunauer–Emmet–Teller (BET) and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) methods. The optical activity of heat treated and non-heat treated samples were carried out by diffuse reflectance (DR) spectroscopy. Four different methods were used to calculate band gap energy. The results obtained from thermogravimetric and differential thermal gravimetric (TG/TDG) analyses and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy agreed with each other. Agar well diffusion method has been applied to explore the antibacterial activity of nanoparticles against different bacterial strains such as Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus Aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa. It was observed that TiO2 nanoparticles heated at 120 °C displayed maximum antibacterial activity while those heated at higher temperature showed no activity against the examined bacteria.
Highlights
TiO2 is one of the oxides that have attracted the attention of many researchers due to wide range of applications
The X-rays diffraction (XRD) patterns of TiO2 nanoparticles dried at 120 °C showed characteristic peaks at 2θ value 25.29° and for the samples dried at 300 and 600 °C were at 32.54° with hkl plane (101)
The T iO2 nanoparticles heated at 900 °C exhibit only the rutile phase with tetragonal geometry
Summary
TiO2 is one of the oxides that have attracted the attention of many researchers due to wide range of applications. It has three main polymorphs namely anatase, rutile and brookite. The biological, chemical and physical properties are prominently influenced by the crystal phase, geometry and particle size (Yang et al 2008, 2009; Han et al 2009). The heating is an important technique which controls biological, chemical and physical properties of nanoparticles. The heating process affects the crystal phase and particle size which alter the biological, chemical and physical properties of the nanoparticles
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