Abstract
Changes in the crystallinity and polymorph of chitosan, which may affect its functionality, by heating (up to 200°C) its water suspension were studied by X-ray diffraction measurements, using tendon chitosan prepared by N-deacetylation of a crab tendon chitin, and chitosan powders with various degrees of polymerization (DPv=1, 720-12, 600) and N-acetylation (zero to 26%). It was found that the presence of hydrated polymorphs or anhydrous crystals in a chitosan sample could be examined easily by measuring the powder diffraction pattern of a sample. Chitosan with a low molecular weight or low degree of N-acetylation was highly crystallized, especially in the anhydrous form that is considered to spoil chitosan's functionality, by heating.
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