Abstract
ABSTRACT The term ‘end forming of tubes’ is commonly used to explain the production of simple or complicated tube end shapes by means of a wide variety of processes such as expansion, reduction, inversion, flaring, flanging and tapering. In the present work, the expansion behaviour of AA2014 aluminium alloy tube ends was processed while pressing with different die geometries were studied. This heat treatable aluminium–copper alloy AA2014 finds wide application in the aerospace and defence industry due to its high strength-to-weight ratio. AA2014 showed poor formability (6.1 mm) at cold conditions in all die geometries due to the hardness of the material. An attempt was made to improve the formability of the alloy through heat treatment process such as solutionized, aged and over aged states. In order to reduce the experiments, FEA based simulations performed using DEFORM-2D software which uses the flow stress equation. The material constants in flow stress equation n and K values are determined by conducting disc compression tests for various heat-treated conditions and incorporated in the software. The results revealed that increase in formability with annealing heat-treatment process.
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