Abstract
Studies of the crack resistance of nonthermally strengthened (NT), bulk hardened (BH), and surface hardened type R65 rails of quality groups I and II are presented. Results are summarized for tests on 616 full-profile rail samples from 57 different batches at 20, −20, and −60°C. It is shown that deoxidation of rail steel with master alloys which do not contain aluminum (rails of group I) does not lead to an increase in rail crack resistance. As a result of bulk hardening for rails the values of KIc increase a little, whereas with surface hardening the crack resistance is 30–40% of that for nonthermally hardened rails. A reduction in test temperature from 20 to −60°C causes a reduction in KIc for both nonthermally and bulk hardened rails by about 35%. The difference between NT- and BH-rails remains small. This fact points to the special importance of the problem of rail cold resistance.
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