Abstract
Keyhole mode Tungsten Inert Gas (K-TIG) welding is a novel advanced deep penetration welding technology which provides an alternative to high power density welding in terms of achieving keyhole mode welding. In order to facilitate welding procedure optimisation in this newly developed welding technology, the relationship among welding parameters, weld formation and tensile properties during the K-TIG welding was investigated in detail. Results show that except for travel speed, the heat input level also plays an important role in forming undercut defect by changing the plasma jet trajectory inside keyhole channel, leading to the formation of hump in the weld centre and exacerbation of undercut formation. Both undercut defect and root side fusion boundary can act as a stress concentration point, which affects the fracture mode and tensile properties considerably. The research results provide a practical guidance of process parameter optimisation and quality assurance for the K-TIG welding process.
Highlights
Tungsten Inert Gas welding, known as TIG or GTAW, is a clean and widely used welding technology for metals
As the welding current used in Keyhole mode Tungsten Inert Gas (K-TIG) welding process was relatively high, the pressure associated with the plasma jet flow could overwhelm the surface tension coming from the weld pool on the backside
The formation of hump in the weld centre is a result of low heat input, which changes the profile of weld longitudinal cross section and plasma trajectory inside the keyhole channel and leads to the exacerbation of undercut formation
Summary
Tungsten Inert Gas welding, known as TIG or GTAW, is a clean and widely used welding technology for metals. It has been demonstrated that K-TIG has the potential to increase the productivity while maintaining the mechanical properties at a level similar to the joints produced by conventional TIG welding. It was reported by Cui et al [11] that K-TIG can even be used in underwater condition and can produce a duplex stainless-steel weld that meets underwater welding standards. Because of the fact that the material properties of some welded joints produced by K-TIG are not satisfactory, several optimisation technologies have been introduced into the K-TIG welding process. The results would provide a practical guidance of parameter optimisation and quality assurance for the K-TIG welding process
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