Abstract
Culverts are often required under earth embankment to allow for the crossing of a watercourse, like streams, to prevent the road embankment from obstructing the natural waterway. The opening of the culvert is determined based on the waterway required to accommodate the design flood, whereas the thickness of the culvert section is designed based on the loads applied to the culvert. From the previous literature review, it is noted that the effect of haunch on the stresses of the culvert was not studied. Therefore, this research focuses on the impact of using haunches on the economy of the culvert design. This paper studies some design parameters of box culverts, such as the thickness of the haunch, the coefficient of earth pressure, the thickness of box culvert, and depth of fill on the top slab. The objectives show the effect of haunch on the stresses of the box culvert. The study investigated the variation in stresses and the cost comparison made for different width of the box culvert. The percentage reduction in the cost of culvert based on the presence of haunch is presented. At last, several significant conclusions are given based on numerical results as the presence of haunch is the best solution for decreasing the values of stresses from the economic point of view.
Highlights
Culverts can be of different shapes such as arch, slab, and box
When the dimensions of haunch increases by 12.5% of the original culvert thickness, the stress S11 decreases by an average of 19.95% at the point (1) 2.32% at the point (2), 0.37% at the point (3), 34.93% at the point (4), and 1.4% at the point (5)
For case b = 6m, at the corners of the culvert when the thickness of the culvert and the dimensions of haunch increases by 12.5% of the original culvert thickness for each one, the S11 decreases by an average 10.22 % and 27.45 %, respectively, the S22 decreases by an average 8.68 % and 11.98 %, respectively
Summary
Culverts can be of different shapes such as arch, slab, and box. They are constructed of brick, stone, or reinforced concrete. The analysis of box culvert is based on a set of loading conditions, which the component must withstand These loads may vary depending on the direction of action, type of deformation, and nature of the structural action. S. Shreedhar and R Shreedhar (2013) evaluated design coefficients for bending moment, shear force and normal thrust for various loading cases for different ratios of L/H = 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75 and 2.0 for three cell box culvert. Et al (2017), presented a review on the analysis and cost-comparison of box culvert for the different aspect ratio of the cell. They concluded that greater stresses are found in box culvert structures without cushion, compare to box culvert with cushion. The width of the culvert was varied from 5.0 m to 6.0 m, the height of the culvert was taken 4.0 m, the thickness of the culvert was varied from 0.4 m to 0.6 m, dimensions of the haunch was varied from 0 m to 0.5 m
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