Effect of habitat features on the breeding success of the blue penguin (Eudyptula minor) on the West Coast of New Zealand

Abstract

We estimated the effect of selected habitat variables on burrow occupancy rate and breeding success of blue penguins in two regions of the West Coast of the South Island of New Zealand, South Westland (three colonies) and Buller (five colonies), in order to measure the impact of habitat changes on the West Coast blue penguin population. In both regions, habitat type did not appear to influence the breeding success of burrows and there was no significant difference in breeding success between colonial and isolated breeders in either region. Proximity to the hightide line and scrubline influenced the occupancy of nests in Buller but not in South Westland. Breeding success was apparently unrelated to the proximity of nests to the sea or to a road/track, suggesting that disturbance did not influence breeding success. These findings provide baseline data against which to measure the consequences of changes in breeding habitat and their impact on West Coast penguin populations, and guide the placement of artificial nest boxes.