Effect of growth regulators and explant on plant regeneration of Solanum lycopersicum L. var. cerasiforme

Abstract

Tomato serves as a model to introduce agronomically important genes into dicotyledonous crop plants and to develop edible vaccines and produce cost-effective therapeutics. This study has developed an efficient protocol of shoot organogenesis for Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. through using of different types of explants and growth regulators. Generally, all explants responded significantly to presence of BAP. Best shoot regeneration for leaf (100%) was achieved on MS supplemented with BAP (2 mg/L) + IAA (0.1 mg/L), whereas it was recorded on MS supplemented with BAP (2 mg/L) and BAP (2 mg/L) + IAA (0.5 mg/L) for cotyledons (95%). In addition, hypocotyls (77%) showed the best shoot response on MS supplemented BAP (3 mg/L). Highest number of shoots per explant was 13.33, 12.25, 7.94 respectively for hypocotyls, leaves, cotyledons. The best medium for highest length of shoot was in the presence of BAP (3 and 2 mg/L) + IAA (0.1 mg/L) respectively for hypocotyl (45 mm) and leaf (40.50 mm) explants. This parameter was achieved for cotyledons (13.32 and 12.5 mm) on MS medium supplemented with BAP (3 and 2) mg/L + IAA (0.1 mg/L), respectively. The increasing of BAP concentration up to 3 (mg/L) causes shoot length to continue developing, but it fell down in the presence of BAP (4 mg/L) due to the toxic effect of growth regulators accumulation. Root formation took place within 10–14 days after culturing on the rooting media. Best root induction (100%) was observed on MS medium supplemented with IAA (0.1 and 0.2 mg/L). All rooted shoots acclimated in phytotron and then cultivated in the greenhouse.