Abstract
Ammonium salts (NH4Cl and CO(NH2)2) were used as grinding aids for crushing waste polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) to produce ultrafine PTFE powder (d50 = 30 μm) for the first time. PTFE was first dry-milled with the ammonium salts, after which the ground sample was washed with water to remove the soluble salts. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques were used to evaluate the mechanism of PTFE fractionation. A small part of the C–F2 bonds was transformed to -CH2- during ball-milling. Without the covering of the fluorine atoms, the PTFE molecular chain fractured at the position of the -CH2- group, thereby reducing the diameter of PTFE. The proposed ball-milling process is facile and effective for recycling waste PTFE and producing ultrafine PTFE powder with high economic value.
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