Abstract
Introduction Green tea is reported to have hypoglycemic effect on diabetic rats. However, studies about its effect on the structure of the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex are limited. Aim This work aimed at studying the ultrastructural changes induced by green tea on the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex in diabetic rats. Materials and methods Forty adult male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups of 10 each: group I was the control group; group II received green tea extract at a dose of 300 mg/kg/day intragastrically; group III included rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes; and group IV received green tea extract after inducing diabetes. Rats were sacrificed after 12 weeks, and the adrenal glands were processed for semithin and ultrathin sections. Plasma level of aldosterone, total thickness of both the adrenal cortex and the zona glomerulosa, volume of both mitochondrial and lipid droplet, and surface area of mitochondrial cristae and smooth endoplasmic reticulum were measured. Results STZ-induced diabetes resulted in a significant decrease in body weight and serum aldosterone level and a significant increase in adrenal weight and thickness and thickness of the zona glomerulosa compared with the other groups. Zona glomerulosa cells in STZ-induced diabetic rats showed a significant increase in the number and size of lipid droplets and degenerated mitochondria. In addition, STZ-induced diabetes resulted in a significant decrease in volume of mitochondrial droplet, surface area of mitochondrial cristae, and surface area of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, as well as a significant increase in the volume of lipid droplet compared with the other groups. The green tea-treated diabetic rat group showed a significant increase in body weight, a significant decrease in adrenal weight, a significant increase in aldosterone level in serum, and decrease in the thickness of the adrenal cortex and the zona glomerulosa compared with the diabetic group. The ultrastructure of the zona glomerulosa was nearly similar to that of the control group. Conclusion Green tea extract administration improved the biochemical and ultrastructural changes induced by diabetes in the zona glomerulosa.
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